Global Data Breach Guide

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The World Law Group Global Guide to Data Breach Notifications, 2016 provides the essential information every organization needs to know when facing a data breach in one or more countries. Produced by the WLG's Privacy & Data Protection Group, this guide provides summaries of relevant law, data breach reporting requirements, contact information for relevant data protection authorities and more, currently for 60 countries worldwide.

Plus, on this website you will find reports on new data breach developments, in-depth articles and analyses from the World Law Group's member firms around the world, as well as alerts about and links to top events globally for professionals involved in privacy and data protection. Bookmark www.globaldatabreachguide.com now and visit often to keep up to date with this fast-changing and ever-evolving field.


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Member Firm News
November 17, 2024

China currently lacks overarching whistleblower protection laws, though certain protections are embedded in the Civil Code, Criminal Law, and Personal Information Protection Law. While centrally administered and listed companies are required to establish whistleblowing systems, non-listed large and medium-sized enterprises are encouraged to...
Member Firm News
November 17, 2024

Finland's Whistleblower Protection Act requires organizations with over 49 employees to implement a system for reporting breaches of EU or national law, though anonymous reporting is optional. While systems can be managed externally, organizations remain accountable for compliance, with penalties applied only for retaliatory actions or...
Legal Updates
November 14, 2024

Since our last update, significant developments have occurred in the German gambling landscape, further shaping the regulatory environment. While some progress has been made, many legal questions and regulatory challenges remain unresolved, particularly in the areas of licensing, enforcement, and cross-border operations.
Legal Updates
November 12, 2024

The German Federal Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof) has extended the liability of managing directors to damages that arise after they have left office.
Legal Updates
November 11, 2024

In two decisions dated 17 September 2024 (case no. EnZR 57/23 and EnZR 58/23), the BGH recently ruled on the question of the balance sheet allocation in higher voltage levels in the event of an energy supplier default. On appeal by the plaintiff and the defendant, the BGH amended and revised the respective previous decisions of the Düsseldorf...
Thought Leadership
October 28, 2024

The Constitutional Court examined the "Jaguar Law" project (legislative file No. 24.467) presented by the Executive Branch, which proposes a reform to the General Law on Public Procurement.
Member Firm News
October 25, 2024

Spain's Law 2/2023 mandates that companies meeting specific thresholds implement secure, confidential whistleblowing systems to report regulatory violations and corruption. Discover which organizations must comply, permissible reporting formats, and the steep fines for non-compliance in Cuatrecasas' full chapter.
Legal Updates
October 15, 2024

Wirecard, a German company providing electronic payment services, filed for bankruptcy in 2020, after it became known that one quarter of the company's total assets were missing from its accounts. Creditor claims amounting to 15.4 billion euros were registered in the bankruptcy including the claims of 50,000 shareholders, seeking damages for the...
Legal Updates
October 9, 2024

The Competition Tribunal released its reasons in Commissioner v. Cineplex on October 3, 2024. It is the first decision under the Competition Act’s “drip pricing” misleading advertising provision, which was added in 2022. This Update discusses important insights from the decision about (i) how the Competition Act’s misleading advertising...
Member Firm News
October 3, 2024

The Danish Whistleblower Act mandates that companies with 50 or more employees establish a whistleblowing system that allows for written reports of violations of EU law or other serious offenses. Companies may choose to allow anonymous reporting, reporting via external bodies, or oral reporting, though they are only obligated to offer written...
Legal Updates
August 28, 2024

Panama’s legal system is evolving! Starting October 2025, the new Civil Procedure Code introduces “Discovery,” a key process from common law that requires parties to disclose all evidence before trial, ensuring a fairer and more efficient judicial process.
Member Firm News
August 26, 2024

Germany's Whistleblower Protection Act, which came into effect July 2, 2023, mandates that all companies with 50 or more employees establish an internal reporting system to safeguard whistleblowers and encourage ethical corporate practices. Learn how this law impacts businesses and the potential fines for non-compliance by reading...
Thought Leadership
August 7, 2024

Learn about legislation related to practices that hinder or limit free competition to avoid monopolistic practices. Our experts explain how the relationship with your company’s competitors should be like and provide recommendations to avoid engaging in such practices.
Legal Updates
August 2, 2024

Diversity and inclusion are topics that nowadays play an important role for every company doing business in Germany. A corporate culture of diversity is key for a successful company as it not only demonstrates the company’s awareness and acknowledgement of its social structure but can also strengthen the employees’ sense of belonging and...
Legal Updates
July 17, 2024

On 18 June 2024, the Dutch Media Authority imposed its first fine on an influencer/video uploader for breaches of the Dutch Media Act's advertising rules.
Legal Updates
July 11, 2024

Following the renewed question referred by the BGH regarding the scope of Art. 80 para. 2 GDPR, the ECJ ruled on July 11, 2024 in case C-757/22 on the standing of consumer protection associations. According to the court, the breach of an information obligation pursuant to Art. 12 et seq. GDPR is sufficient to enable representative actions.
Legal Updates
June 27, 2024

In its decision of 19 January 2023 (Case No.: 312 O 256/21), the Regional Court of Hamburg had to deal with the admissibility of various statements advertising an energy drink in which the drink was said to increase the ability to concentrate and react. The question arose as to whether such statements could constitute an infringement of Art. 10...
Legal Updates
June 27, 2024

Since the enactment of the Fair Consumer Contracts Act in 2022, which mandated the inclusion of a cancellation button for evergreen agreements on websites in Germany (also known as the “2-click cancellation law”), there has been a lot of attention by German Consumer Protection Associations (CPA) and a notable impact on businesses.
Legal Updates
June 26, 2024

A decision by the Arbitration Board of the German Association for Voluntary Self-Regulation of the Pharmaceutical Industry (FSA) concerns the sponsoring of external training events and the assessment of the existence of an “incentive effect”, which overturns the previous ruling practice of the FSA.
Legal Updates
June 21, 2024

In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the amount of legislation generated at an EU level with a view to improving cybersecurity across Europe. The Network and Information Security Directive (NIS2), the Cyber Resilience Act, the Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) and the EU Cybersecurity Act are each aimed at...
Legal Updates
June 21, 2024

A recent English court decision looked at whether injunctions are a suitable remedy for stopping breaches of confidentiality. The court concluded that if someone breaks a confidentiality agreement and it is hard for the wronged party to prove and receive damages, an injunction will be an appropriate solution. We examine the decision.
Legal Updates
June 14, 2024

The Workplace Relations Commission has made another landmark award of compensation in recent weeks. A leading academic at a third-level institution was awarded €300,000 in compensation for being unfairly dismissed by his employer. We review the impact of this decision and what employers can do next.
Thought Leadership
June 4, 2024

Comments on the the Digital Singel Market Directive proposal and the accompanying proposed amendments.
Legal Updates
June 4, 2024

A closer look at the effect of the Norwegian Ministry of Digitalisation and Public Governance Proposal on data centers.
Thought Leadership
May 27, 2024

Associate Carlos Fernández, lawyer in El Salvador, shares this article on the concept of irregularity in commercial companies in El Salvador and the legal implications of operating beyond the limits of their articles of association.
April 26, 2024

Takeaways from a recent Privacy & Data Protection meeting.
Legal Updates
April 18, 2024

At the request of the Dutch, Norwegian and German (Hamburg) supervisory authorities to the European Data Protection Board ("EDPB"), the EDPB has addressed the issue of providing clarity on the implementation of "consent or pay" models considering Meta's business model. These models are particularly relevant for large online...
Legal Updates
April 15, 2024

In recent weeks, the French Supreme Court has issued a number of rulings providing useful clarification on issues such as inexcusable fault, mutual separation agreements, harmful management practices, and employees’ right to rest.
Legal Updates
April 15, 2024

A notable failure by Air Canada highlights the legal and ethical repercussions of improper chatbot implementation. In this article, we will closely examine this specific case, which involves the communication of inaccurate information by an airline's chatbot.
Legal Updates
April 12, 2024

In case C-741/21 (JURIS), the Court of Justice of the European Union recently answered important questions regarding liability for data breaches, the assessment of damages and the influence of human error on liability. The decision confirms and builds on recent case law. Nevertheless, the decision provides an opportunity to clarify the...
Legal Updates
April 10, 2024

The AI Act ("KI-VO") regulates (among other things) the requirements for AI systems. They should be safe, transparent, comprehensible, non-discriminatory and environmentally friendly. But what happens if AI systems violate these requirements and cause damage? Unlawful behaviour is naturally difficult to attribute to AI systems...
Legal Updates
April 9, 2024

The AI Act ("KI-VO") regulates (among other things) the requirements for AI systems. They should be safe, transparent, comprehensible, non-discriminatory and environmentally friendly. If AI systems violate these requirements it is difficult to attribute unlawful behaviour to AI systems.
Legal Updates
April 7, 2024

An insolvency administrator's right to restitution can be forfeited if if they are prevented from exercising the right in good faith by their conduct in the context of the conclusion of a redemption agreement.
Legal Updates
March 26, 2024

A decision by the Higher Regional Court of Karlsruhe from 9 November 2022 (Ref.: 6 U 322/21) deals with the advertising of a disinfectant hand foam with claims regarding skin compatibility.
Legal Updates
March 26, 2024

In its reference decision of 15 August 2023 (Ref.: 5 U 93/22), the Hanseatic Higher Regional Court of Hamburg ruled on the issuing of prescriptions for prescription-only medicines over the internet by doctors who have not previously treated the patient.
Legal Updates
March 21, 2024

Nicaragua | In our new article published in the Arias Knowledge Center by Associate Maryeling Guevara, get informed on the details of good compliance practices under a comprehensive system and their benefits for companies.
Legal Updates
March 18, 2024

Companies can successfully leverage the technological revolution, from implementing artificial intelligence and chatbots and promoting innovation in El Salvador but should also keep in mind the importance of specialized legal assistance in navigating the regulatory challenges.
Legal Updates
February 27, 2024

This article addresses the main aspects of dispute resolution brought by the Law of Credit Cards.
January 31, 2024

In this article, we will discuss the representation of personal data in written generative models and address certain questions associated with large language models and personal data.
Legal Updates
January 29, 2024

The holding of the Annual Ordinary Meeting is the key tool for exempting the Directors of the companies from liability in Costa Rica.
Legal Updates
January 25, 2024

Advocate General Jean Richard de la Tour comments on the standing of associations under Art. 80 (2) GDPR. In his opinion, in certain cases, the breach of an information obligation under Chapter 3 of the GDPR is sufficient to enable representative actions.
Legal Updates
January 24, 2024

German Federal Court of Justice (BGH) suspends appeal proceedings regarding the reimbursement of losses in online poker. Potential impact also possible for refund claims for losses from slots.
Legal Updates
January 15, 2024

In a recent case before the Federal Court of Justice, an insolvency administrator was found to have neglected his duties of investigation in a particularly serious and reproachable manner.
Member Firm News
January 15, 2024

Miller & Martin PLLC is pleased to announce the election and promotion of attorneys John David Lind and Haley Moody to membership in the law firm effective January 2024.
Thought Leadership
January 1, 2024

Locke Lord's Jason Ulezalka and Jonathan W. Young analyze how credit markets have recently been focused on a different type of double dip – one that is being increasingly considered as a legitimate “liability management” tool to improve a borrower’s liquidity.
Legal Updates
December 17, 2023

In a decision by the Regional Court of Karlsruhe on 26 July 2023 (Ref.: 13 O 46/22 KfH), the court had to deal with the admissibility of advertising products with the terms "climate neutral" and "environmentally neutral".
Legal Updates
December 10, 2023

We review the three most significant legal developments during the past year in the area of Intellectual Property. These include the emergence of trade mark protection for well-known literary characters coming out of copyright, and a new wave of trade marks with a reputation in the area of copycat a
Legal Updates
December 10, 2023

We reflect on three key legal developments which will continue to be relevant in 2024 to those in the Technology sector.
Legal Updates
December 6, 2023

Decisions earlier this year from the English courts in ClientEarth v Shell Plc et al., and the recent appeal decision from the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, shed light on climate change issues and how directors can fulfill their duties to the corporations they serve in the face of...
Legal Updates
December 3, 2023

The Government of Canada has proposed legislation to amend the Competition Act (the “Act”) to, among other things, (i) expand the scope of what constitutes misleading advertising, and (ii) permit private parties to commence civil litigation against alleged misleading advertising...
Legal Updates
November 29, 2023

The Government of Canada has proposed legislation that will amend the Competition Act (the “Act”) to permit (i) far more private competition law litigation, and (ii) the awarding of significant new financial remedies for breaches of different provisions of the Act.
Legal Updates
October 31, 2023

The Federal Court of Justice has ruled the following: Sellers of real estate must inform buyers about potential costs for upcoming maintenance works without being asked - regardless of the buyer’s possibility to inspect the respective documents uploaded in a (virtual) data room.
Legal Updates
October 17, 2023

Following the launch of ChatGPT, Canada has witnessed a surge in AI-related investments.
Legal Updates
October 11, 2023

The use of ChatGPT in HR departments for tasks like creating job ads, application responses, and legal assessments brings efficiency, but it also raises legal concerns due to the absence of specific legal frameworks, highlighting the need to be aware of potential pitfalls to avoid costly errors.
September 7, 2023

New WLG Privacy & Data Protection Group Co-chair Esko Cate of VILAF looks forward to group discussion at future meetings he'll help lead. As an American lawyer working in Vietnam, he is uniquely equipped to handle foreign investment matters.
Legal Updates
July 17, 2023

An overview of its applicability, key exemptions, notice requirements, individual requirements, enforcement, and more.
July 14, 2023

While Jean-Luc Putz of Luxembourg is a new WLG Key Contact Partner, he's no stranger to World Law Group. Arendt & Medernach is currently working on more than 30 matters with other member firms.
Legal Updates
July 2, 2023

Borgarting Court of Appeal ruled in the appellate case concerning the legality of Brødrene Dahl AS' development, manufacture and sale of an actuator device. The Court upheld the Oslo District Court's decision that Brødrene Dahl had made an intentional imitation of Eltorque AS' actuator device.
Legal Updates
June 7, 2023

The Texas Legislature recently passed and sent to Governor Abbott House Bill 19, a bill that creates new, specialized courts with jurisdiction over certain types of civil actions involving large business disputes.
Legal Updates
May 21, 2023

The Supply Chain Due Diligence Act (SCDDA) has been in force since January 1, 2023, requiring companies to continually update their compliance, procurement, and contract drafting processes to meet evolving due diligence obligations and monitor changing risks.
Legal Updates
May 21, 2023

In a Judgment issued on 6 April 2023, the General Division of the Singapore High Court ordered Educomp founder Shantanu Prakash and Singaporean lawyer Dennis Lui to pay damages totaling S$2.9million plus interest to Raffles Education Group entities (“Raffles Entities”). Among other things, the Court found that the two individuals conspired to...
Legal Updates
May 2, 2023

The most important proposed changes to the Norwegian Security Act. The proposed amendments prevent economic activities that may have an impact on national security and, to accomplish this purpose, the Ministries intend to expand the government's access to information by proposing new regulatory obligations governing certain M&A...
Legal Updates
April 23, 2023

On April 21, 2023, the ASEA published the Proyecto de Norma Oficial Mexicana PROY-NOM-016-ASEA-2023. The Project's purpose is to establish the specifications for camp's installation, safety distances and procedures, and drilling shot wells, within the scope of environmental protection.
Legal Updates
March 5, 2023

Our experts summarize the top trends in Litigation and Arbitration in 2023, including (i) Procedural trends; (ii) Private enforcement trends; (iii) Trends in collective actions; (iv) Trends in international arbitration; (v) Trends in insolvency; and (vi) Trends in criminal compliance.
Legal Updates
February 6, 2023

Executive summary of the main legal developments to watch in 2023—foreign investment, competition, financing, labor & employment, tax, and more.
Member Firm News
January 30, 2023

“Elizabeth and Scott are talented lawyers who add value and depth to our membership,” said Firm Chairman Scott Parrish. “The firm welcomes these enthusiastic and proven leaders as we continue to grow and serve clients across our practice areas.”
Legal Updates
January 28, 2023

Is failure to disclose a previous employment a just cause for the termination of an employment?
Legal Updates
January 26, 2023

Screening job applicants is crucial to ensure that the right person for the job is hired. But what if, before new employment, the employee fails to disclose their previous employment?
Legal Updates
January 22, 2023

In recent years, governments in Canada have been sued in various ways concerning climate change. Invariably, the government will seek to dismiss the claim because it is not "justiciable."
Legal Updates
January 10, 2023

The Regional Court of Munich ruled that shareholders' damages claims for breach of capital markets law rank as equity and not as general unsecured claims in the Wirecard insolvency. Read the result,
Member Firm News
January 2, 2023

Lane Powell is pleased to announce that eight attorneys have been elected shareholders of the firm, effective January 1, 2023.
Legal Updates
November 30, 2022

Borgarting Court of Appeal recently passed judgment in one of Norway's largest information technology contract disputes ever processed by the ordinary courts, the so-called "Grindgut" case.
Legal Updates
July 21, 2022

We asked our member firms around the globe to provide some insight on anti-corruption laws applicable to corporations. Jakub Kocuba and Michał Opala author this chapter from Poland.
Legal Updates
July 14, 2022

We asked our member firms around the globe to provide some insight on anti-corruption laws applicable to corporations. Akira Nagasaki, Naoyuki Kishimi, and Yasuyuki Kuribayashi author this chapter from Japan.
May 12, 2022

Jeremiah Posedel, Partner at Faegre Drinker, discusses his work with Privacy and Data Protection, what he is looking forward to as a first-time delegate at the WLG | summit in Portugal, and his collaborations with member firm Taylor Wessing.
Legal Updates
February 16, 2022

Key legislation entered into full force on January 4, 2022, with the potential to affect finance transactions. The National Security and Investment Act 2021 ( NSI Act ) introduces to the UK a new investment screening regime, which requires that certain types of transactions are notified to, and cleared by the Secretary of State for Business,...
Legal Updates
February 16, 2022

Framework agreements are widely used in the public sector as they offer a fast and cost effective method of procurement. Following on from its publication of " The Construction Playbook " in December 2020, the Cabinet Office commissioned a report into the use of construction frameworks in the public sector: " Constructing the Gold Standard: An...
Legal Updates
February 11, 2022

A new Fair Work Commission recommendation provides helpful guidance for employers wanting to collect vaccination status information from employees to support workplace vaccination mandates.
Legal Updates
February 3, 2022

The popularity of cryptocurrencies and other cryptoassets continues to grow. Major brands like PayPal now include the facility for users to buy, sell and hold selected cryptoassets, while the pandemic has provided additional impetus, as consumers move to virtual payments and society becomes more cashless. Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) have emerged...
Legal Updates
January 21, 2022

As a general rule, tenderers participating in public procurements have the right to form a consortium and submit a tender as a joint offer to meet the requirements of the competitive tendering. Small companies, in particular, may find it difficult to tender for products or services alone. By combining resources with a competitor, it might,...
Member Firm News
December 3, 2021

Member firm Locke Lord LLP shared their insights on the current US business climate, inbound and outbound investment trends, and the prime investment opportunities in Massachusetts—"Massachusetts' wealth of medical schools and prestigious higher education institutions have formed the basis of a thriving biotech ecosystem, which continues to...
Legal Updates
November 1, 2021

The NDPA fines companies for lack of access control, GDPR non-compliance, insufficient processing security and unlawful credit rating,
October 15, 2021

World Law Group sat down with JD Supra’s Adrian Lürssen, Co-founder, VP Strategic Development, to discuss trends that can be gleaned from what in-house counsel are reading and how lawyers can be true thought leaders. Here’s a bit of what we learned.
Legal Updates
October 7, 2021

The Norwegian newspaper VG published several news stories about the law firm Rogstad and used photographs from Rogstad's webpage and an employee's Facebook to illustrate the news stories.
Legal Updates
October 5, 2021

Ransomware is a national security issue that affects all sixteen critical infrastructure sectors, including the transportation and healthcare sectors.
Legal Updates
March 29, 2021

This eBulletin highlights legal updates from our member firms across our 16 Practice & Industry Groups. Highlights include updates to the Danish Medicinal Pilot Program, Digital Health in Germany, Biden Administration's response to Myanmar, key changes to Singapore's Restructuring law, and more.
Legal Updates
March 13, 2021

We asked our member firms around the globe to provide some insight on employer and employee rights when it comes to requiring the COVID-19 vaccine to return to work. Laura LaFuente shares her view from Argentina.
Legal Updates
March 8, 2021

On January 1, 2021, the German Law for the Further Development of the Restructuring and Insolvency Laws (SanInsFoG) came into force. Crucially, this contains a stabilization and restructuring framework for businesses.
Legal Updates
January 20, 2021

Our Venture Capital Group collaborated on an expansive guide covering more than 30 jurisdictions on investment approval processes, typical investment sectors and investment structures on VC deals (and more!). The objective of this publication is to serve as a Q&A-style multi-jurisdictional guide to venture capital law in countries where WLG...
Legal Updates
January 20, 2021

Our Venture Capital Group collaborated on an expansive guide covering more than 30 jurisdictions on investment approval processes, typical investment sectors and investment structures on VC deals (and more!). The objective of this publication is to serve as a Q&A-style multi-jurisdictional guide to venture capital law in countries where WLG...
Legal Updates
January 20, 2021

Our Venture Capital Group collaborated on an expansive guide covering more than 30 jurisdictions on investment approval processes, typical investment sectors and investment structures on VC deals (and more!). The objective of this publication is to serve as a Q&A-style multi-jurisdictional guide to venture capital law in countries where WLG...
Legal Updates
January 20, 2021

Our Venture Capital Group collaborated on an expansive guide covering more than 30 jurisdictions on investment approval processes, typical investment sectors and investment structures on VC deals (and more!). The objective of this publication is to serve as a Q&A-style multi-jurisdictional guide to venture capital law in countries where WLG...
Legal Updates
January 20, 2021

Our Venture Capital Group collaborated on an expansive guide covering more than 30 jurisdictions on investment approval processes, typical investment sectors and investment structures on VC deals (and more!). The objective of this publication is to serve as a Q&A-style multi-jurisdictional guide to venture capital law in countries where WLG...
Legal Updates
January 20, 2021

Our Venture Capital Group collaborated on an expansive guide covering more than 30 jurisdictions on investment approval processes, typical investment sectors and investment structures on VC deals (and more!). The objective of this publication is to serve as a Q&A-style multi-jurisdictional guide to venture capital law in countries where WLG...
Legal Updates
January 20, 2021

Our Venture Capital Group collaborated on an expansive guide covering more than 30 jurisdictions on investment approval processes, typical investment sectors and investment structures on VC deals (and more!). The objective of this publication is to serve as a Q&A-style multi-jurisdictional guide to venture capital law in countries where WLG...
Legal Updates
January 20, 2021

Our Venture Capital Group collaborated on an expansive guide covering more than 30 jurisdictions on investment approval processes, typical investment sectors and investment structures on VC deals (and more!). The objective of this publication is to serve as a Q&A-style multi-jurisdictional guide to venture capital law in countries where WLG...
Legal Updates
January 19, 2021

We asked our member firms around the globe to provide some insight on employer and employee rights when it comes to requiring the COVID-19 vaccine to return to work. Álvaro Fernández Sánchez del Corral shares his views from Spain.
January 7, 2021

"My practice has become so exciting in the past decade, as data privacy and security have become important at so many new levels both for individuals and organizations. I counsel clients on a wide range of data protection issues at the U.S. federal and state levels, as well as cross-border data privacy and security matters and the laws of...
Legal Updates
December 29, 2020

We asked our member firms around the globe to provide some insight on employer and employee rights when it comes to requiring the COVID-19 vaccine to return to work. Gordon Williams, David Paterson, Sam Quinn & Olivia Borgese of MinterEllison share their views from Australia.
Legal Updates
December 1, 2020

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