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We are very pleased to announce the release of the World Law Group 2020 Merger Control Guide. This guide briefly outlines information on two of the most important questions of multi-jurisdictional merger control filings in 91 jurisdictions worldwide, looking in particular at the relevant thresholds for filing and investigation periods concerning merger control.
"Thresholds” specifies the relevant prerequisites which trigger an obligation to notify a transaction to the respective competition authority.
"Stages” describes the start of the proceedings and the investigation periods once a transaction has been notified to the respective competition authority.
Compiling a clear and concise outline of merger control rules in the extensive number of 91 jurisdictions, i.e. 86 countries and 5 supranational organizations, in one guide also reflects the significant success and close cooperation between the WLG member firms in working together on multi-jurisdictional projects.
This guide was composed by the members of the WLG Antitrust & Competition Practice Group. It covers countries and jurisdictions where WLG member firms are located or where they have offices. All information including exchange rates provided in this guide is up to date as of November 15, 2019 unless stated otherwise. It is advisable to verify the exchange rates as the currencies may fluctuate.
We would like to thank the members of the WLG Antitrust & Competition Practice Group and all those who contributed in putting this guide together, particularly Angelika Wieczorkowski as well as Peter Giese and Saskia Schneider from CMS Germany and Tori Drayer from the WLG for their input.
Download the guide
Member Firm News
Sweden’s Whistleblowing Act requires all entities with 50+ employees to implement internal reporting systems, supporting both written and verbal channels, with options for face-to-face meetings. The law protects employees, consultants, job applicants, and even former workers, ensuring confidentiality and safeguarding against retaliation. While...
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Thought Leadership
The protection granted by a trademark registration represented through a distinctive sign provides control mechanisms on how they are exploited, thus guaranteeing a benefit, both for the company that grows with a globalized product and for the consumer who has access to a quality product, regardless of who uses or exploits the trademark.
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Thought Leadership
With the popularization of Generative Artificial Intelligence tools such as ChatGPT, the debate has intensified regarding the protection of works used as training data to feed these systems. On one hand, there is the issue of safeguarding such works, and on the other, the determination of whether works generated by Generative AI are eligible for...
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Legal Updates
In a recent case in Argentina, the use of artificial intelligence in the judicial system was highlighted as a tool to enhance decision-making and efficiency. The case, involving a dispute over water service, set a precedent for integrating AI into legal processes. However, the article also raises concerns about the risks of bias, lack of...
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Legal Updates
In April 2021, the Dutch Gaming Act was amended to allow for legal access to online games of chance in the Netherlands. An evaluation of the new rules was scheduled three years after implementation. The following article summarises this evaluation, published in November 2024, which assessed the effects of the new rules since the time of their...
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Legal Updates
Argentina's Court of Justice of San Juan has approved a new protocol for using Generative AI (IAGen) in the judiciary. General Agreement No. 102/2024 sets out guidelines to ensure responsible, secure, and ethical AI use within the judicial system. Key principles include data anonymization, result verification, and safeguarding judicial...
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Member Firm News
China currently lacks overarching whistleblower protection laws, though certain protections are embedded in the Civil Code, Criminal Law, and Personal Information Protection Law. While centrally administered and listed companies are required to establish whistleblowing systems, non-listed large and medium-sized enterprises are encouraged to...
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Legal Updates
The Law of Ukraine "On Basic Principles of State Climate Policy" No. 3991-IX as of October 8, 2024 (the Climate Law of Ukraine) came into force on October 30, 2024.
Simultaneously, this period is marked by the active development of legislative initiatives regarding the implementation of the European 4th Energy Package and coupling of...
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Legal Updates
Argentina is leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance health control in the fishing sector through a project initiated by the National Service of Agri-Food Health and Quality (SENASA). This innovative approach aims to improve monitoring and sanitary control by detecting parasites in fish products more efficiently.
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Legal Updates
On October 4, 2024, the National Health Regulation Authority (ANRS) of Nicaragua approved the “Guide for the development of a market surveillance program to monitor the quality of products regulated by the ANRS throughout the supply chain” through which are established the quality monitoring criteria for products regulated by the ANRS and the...
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Legal Updates
On October 15, 2024, the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI) published its annual report for the fiscal year from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024 (the “Annual Report”), which provides an overview of OSFI’s performance and major achievements during the year.
Throughout the fiscal year, OSFI achieved several key...
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Legal Updates
The new Food and Beverage Health Control Regulation from ARSA, in effect since September 2, 2023, reinforces food safety with stricter standards on hygiene, ingredients, and labeling. It applies to everything from raw materials to processed foods, ensuring safety throughout the entire food chain. This regulation enhances public health and...
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Legal Updates
On 2 August 2024, the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action of the Federal Republic of Germany (BMWK), under the leadership of Robert Habeck, published an “options paper” with various proposals for a new “electricity market design of the future”. The paper is intended to serve as an initial basis for a discussion within the...
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Thought Leadership
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Member Firm News
Taiwan is one of Asia's major exporters of technology goods, with semiconductors as the top area for opportunity, followed by healthcare, renewable energy, 5G, and telecommunications. The country boasts a high degree of economic freedom that is greatly recognized and appreciated internationally, making it a good destination for investments....
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Legal Updates
The Judiciary of Chaco, Argentina, has implemented a chatbot for the personalized assistance of registered lawyers, available 24/7 via WhatsApp, under Resolution 637/24. This tool aims to modernize access to judicial information and streamline processes, maintaining strict security and confidentiality protocols.
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Legal Updates
Resolution No. 988 of 16 August 2024, introduced further amendments to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Resolution No. 76 of 27 January 2023, “Some issues of implementation of provisions of the Law of Ukraine “On mobilization training and mobilization” regarding the deferral of military personnel during mobilization and wartime.”
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Member Firm News
Cuatrecasas has advised the ORIX Group company Elawan Energy SL on its agreement with Corporación Acciona Energías Renovables SA to acquire Acciona Saltos de Agua SLU—a hydroelectric power producer and its three subsidiaries. The transaction is expected to be closed by the end of this year, subject to regulatory approvals.
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Legal Updates
The Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada (FINTRAC), together with the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA), recently issued an operational alert (the “Alert”) intended to support reporting entities in recognizing financial transactions in the real estate sector suspected of being related to laundering the proceeds of tax evasion.
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Legal Updates
On June 28, by a large majority in the House of Representatives, with 147 votes in favor and 107 against, the "Ley de Bases" was approved. This bill promotes private enterprise and the free development of industry and commerce, while limiting any unnecessary state intervention. But it only defines the main guiding principles that...
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Legal Updates
Effective August 19, 2024, businesses subject to the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act (PCMLTFA) must report transactions suspected to be related to sanctions evasion to the Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada (FINTRAC). FINTRAC recently issued guidance on when and how to report such...
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Legal Updates
The use of electronic signatures expedites administrative procedures before the Tax Authority, reduces costs and eliminates geographical barriers. This digital tool, which has the same legal value as a handwritten signature, benefits both the tax administration and local and foreign taxpayers, promoting the modernization and efficiency of tax...
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Thought Leadership
Costa Rica's environmental protection is hindered by budget cuts and a lack of specialized judges, leaving over 8000 cases unresolved. Decentralized efforts face resource shortages, highlighting the need for robust legal frameworks, adequate funding, and community participation. Strengthening judicial capacity and implementing the Escazú...
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Legal Updates
New Law creates the National Attorney Office for the Defense of Free Competition and Alternative Dispute Resolution, a new entity that integrates the functions of the National Institute for the Promotion of Competition (PROCOMPETENCIA) and the Alternative Dispute Resolution Directorate (DIRAC), with the purpose of centralizing the defense of...
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Thought Leadership
Occupational safety is applicable in all workplaces, both in public and private institutions. Their implementation is influenced by factors such as the number of workers, company activities, workplace facilities, etc. With the objective of guaranteeing an adequate level of protection against the different occupational health and safety risks for...
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Legal Updates
The Act to Accelerate the Digitalization of the Healthcare System (“Digital Act”) was announced on 26 March 2024. In Section 393 of the Fifth Social Insurance Code (“SGB V”) as amended, the Digital Act contains far-reaching regulations on the permissibility of cloud use in the healthcare sector, which will come into force on 1 July 2024....
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Legal Updates
The EU has adopted a comprehensive regulation on artificial intelligence (AI) that aims to foster innovation, ensure trustworthiness, and protect fundamental rights. The regulation sets out harmonised rules and obligations for providers, deployers, and users of AI systems in the EU, as well as third-country actors whose AI systems affect the EU...
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Legal Updates
A recent Supreme Court decision indicates that private energy generators could be considered to be ‘public authorities’. As a result, they may be subject to the environmental information regulatory regime, which imposes significant obligations on ‘public authorities’ to make ‘environmental information’ available on request. We consider the...
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Legal Updates
The European Data Protection Board’s recent report on the role of data protection officers identifies several issues and ways in which shortcomings can be addressed by companies. We look at the key learnings and set out why companies should consider the report carefully before assessing their compliance position.
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Member Firm News
South Africa has a well-established democracy following its transition to democracy in 1994 and is a regional leader with a highly developed economy and advanced economic infrastructure. It is rich in natural resources, with a diverse economy that spans mining, agriculture, manufacturing, and services. Member firm ENS dives into opportunities...
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Member Firm News
Sayenko Kharenko is proud to announce its participation in the Export and Capacity Building Consultation Projectю The project is implemented by the USAID Competitive Economy Program in Ukraine. As part of the initiative, the firm will provide online consultations to enhance the export potential of Ukrainian companies, particularly those in the...
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Legal Updates
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Legal Updates
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Legal Updates
At the request of the Dutch, Norwegian and German (Hamburg) supervisory authorities to the European Data Protection Board ("EDPB"), the EDPB has addressed the issue of providing clarity on the implementation of "consent or pay" models considering Meta's business model. These models are particularly relevant for large online...
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Legal Updates
Guatemala: Implementation of the New Compliance Stage in the Wastewater Regulation as of May 1, 2024
As of May 1, 2024, Guatemala enters the new stage of compliance with the Wastewater and Sludge Disposal Regulations that establish more demanding maximum limit parameters.
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Legal Updates
In case C-741/21 (JURIS), the Court of Justice of the European Union recently answered important questions regarding liability for data breaches, the assessment of damages and the influence of human error on liability. The decision confirms and builds on recent case law. Nevertheless, the decision provides an opportunity to clarify the...
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Legal Updates
The AI Act ("KI-VO") regulates (among other things) the requirements for AI systems. They should be safe, transparent, comprehensible, non-discriminatory and environmentally friendly.
But what happens if AI systems violate these requirements and cause damage? Unlawful behaviour is naturally difficult to attribute to AI systems...
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Legal Updates
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Legal Updates
AZB & Partners acted for Warburg Pincus and its controlled portfolio company Avanse Financial Services (‘Avanse’) on the recent fund raise where Abu Dhabi’s Mubadala Investment has deployed approx. INR 900 crore of primary capital into Avanse. This round also had Avendus PE subscribe to approx. Rs. 100 crores of primary capital of Avanse.
Our...
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Legal Updates
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